What does the Fukuda stepping test assess in vestibular evaluation?

• A. Step in place with eyes open to test proprioception.
• B. Step in place with eyes closed for 30 steps.
• C. Step in place with eyes closed for 50-100 steps; turning or veering indicates unilateral vestibular weakness.
• D. Walk straight for 6 meters to assess gait.

Answer: (C)

The Fukuda stepping test is all about detecting unilateral vestibular weakness by challenging balance when vision is removed. Have the person step in place with eyes closed for a relatively long sequence (about 50–100 steps) while the arms are extended. With one vestibular apparatus underperforming, the asymmetric input tips the body, causing rotation or veering toward the weaker side. That turning or veering is the signal this test is looking for, which is why the described method is the best choice. The other options focus on proprioception (eyes open), general gait in a straight line, or use an incorrect step count, and don’t specifically reveal unilateral vestibular dysfunction in the same way.