What are the two main types of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP)?

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Multiple Choice

What are the two main types of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP)?

Explanation:
Two main types of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials are cervical VEMP and ocular VEMP. Cervical VEMP is recorded from neck muscles, usually the sternocleidomastoid, and mainly reflects a sacculo-collic pathway driven by the saccule and inferior vestibular nerve. Ocular VEMP is recorded from extraocular muscles, typically the inferior oblique, and reflects a utriculo-ocular pathway driven by the utricle and superior vestibular nerve. In practice, cVEMP testing requires the patient to actively contract the neck muscles during stimulation, while oVEMP testing involves upward gaze to engage the extraocular muscles. The waveforms differ in their typical timing and polarity, with cVEMP showing a short-latency positive peak then negative, and oVEMP showing an early negative peak then positive. These distinctions help identify function of the different vestibular end organs. Other proposed terms like those aren’t standard in clinical VEMP practice.

Two main types of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials are cervical VEMP and ocular VEMP. Cervical VEMP is recorded from neck muscles, usually the sternocleidomastoid, and mainly reflects a sacculo-collic pathway driven by the saccule and inferior vestibular nerve. Ocular VEMP is recorded from extraocular muscles, typically the inferior oblique, and reflects a utriculo-ocular pathway driven by the utricle and superior vestibular nerve. In practice, cVEMP testing requires the patient to actively contract the neck muscles during stimulation, while oVEMP testing involves upward gaze to engage the extraocular muscles. The waveforms differ in their typical timing and polarity, with cVEMP showing a short-latency positive peak then negative, and oVEMP showing an early negative peak then positive. These distinctions help identify function of the different vestibular end organs. Other proposed terms like those aren’t standard in clinical VEMP practice.

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