Vestibular migraine diagnosis criteria typically require which of the following?

• A. Constant vertigo with no migrainous history.
• B. Recurrent vertigo with migrainous features; diagnosis per ICHD criteria requiring multiple episodes and a migraine association not explained by another cause.
• C. Vertigo that occurs only with head movement and is unrelated to migraine.
• D. Hearing loss is essential for diagnosis.

Answer: (B)

The key idea is that vestibular migraine is diagnosed from pattern over multiple episodes, not from a single event. It involves recurrent vertigo that is accompanied by migrainous features, and the diagnosis follows the ICHD criteria which require several vertigo episodes and a clear migraine association that isn’t explained by another condition. This combination—repeated vertigo events plus migraine-related symptoms during those episodes—distinguishes vestibular migraine from other causes of vertigo that are either constant, only linked to head movements, or tied to other problems like hearing loss. Hearing loss isn’t part of the vestibular migraine diagnosis and points more toward conditions such as Menière’s disease.