The Dix-Hallpike test is used to diagnose which condition?

• A. Posterior canal BPPV
• B. Horizontal canal BPPV
• C. Superior canal dehiscence
• D. Meniere disease

Answer: (A)

A positional maneuver designed to reveal vertigo caused by debris in the posterior semicircular canal. When the head is moved into the position used in this test, gravity can move any dislodged otoconia in that canal, briefly stimulating the canal and provoking vertigo. The diagnostic clue is the onset of a short-latency, reproducible vertigo accompanied by a distinctive upbeating, torsional nystagmus toward the tested ear. This pattern is highly characteristic of posterior canal BPPV, making the Dix-Hallpike test the test of choice for this condition. Horizontal canal BPPV is better diagnosed with the supine roll test, while superior canal dehiscence and Meniere disease produce different clinical findings and do not rely on this specific positional test.